2015年1月22日木曜日

東京ローズ。

NHK歴史秘話ヒストリア。「裏切りの声は甘く悲しく。太平洋戦争のラジオアイドル 東京ローズ」を見る。
70年前の太平洋戦争のさなか、アメリカ軍兵士の絶大な人気を集めた複数の女性DJがいました。ニックネームは「東京ローズ」。その中の一人が日系アメリカ人女性アイバ・トグリだった。
1941年彼女は日本の叔母を訪問中に太平洋戦争が始まった。その為にアメリカに帰国できなくなった。彼女はラジオ東京(今のNHK国際放送)に採用される。
彼女はプロパガンダ放送のアナウンサーとなる。
彼女は終戦後アメリカ軍に逮捕された。1949年に国家反逆者としてアメリカ国籍を剥奪され刑務所に6年間収監される。
1977年にフォード大統領による特赦によりアメリカの国籍を回復した。
2006年 90で亡くなりました。哀れな人生でした。

Wikipedia
Tokyo Rose  was a generic name given by Allied troops in the South Pacific during World War II to what they believed were multiple English-speaking female broadcasters of Japanese propaganda. The intent of these broadcasts was to disrupt the morale of Allied forces listening to the broadcast. 
American servicemen in the Pacific often listened to the propaganda broadcasts to get a sense, by reading between the lines, of the effect of their military actions.
She often undermined the anti-American scripts by reading them in a playful, tongue-in-cheek fashion, even going as far as to warn her listeners to expect a “subtle attack” on their morale.
Farther from the action, stories circulated that Tokyo Rose could be unnervingly accurate, naming units and even individual servicemen; though such stories have never been substantiated by documents such as scripts and recorded broadcasts, they have been reflected in popular books and films such as Flags of Our Fathers.
Similar rumors surround the propaganda broadcasts of Lord Haw-Haw and Axis Sally.
Iva Toguri is the most famously-linked name behind the Tokyo Rose persona. Toguri was a native to Los Angeles and was stranded in Japan because she was visiting her family when the war broke out. 
Toguri’s prominence saw her branded as one of the war’s most notorious propagandists, but evidence shows that she was not a Japanese sympathizer.
Toguri’s program became conflated with more vicious propaganda,and she was arrested and convicted of treason after the Japanese surrender. She was released from prison in 1956, but it would take more than 20 years before she finally received an official presidential pardon for her role in the war.




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